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What is Tithi in Panchanga
Tithi is based on Lunar/Chandra masas (month). : It starts from shukla pratipada (1st day of the bright half of the month which starts after the new Moon i.e. when the Moon crosses over the Sun and the difference between the two starts increasing from 0 degree Multurta Prakarana 31 onwards, say, 0.001) and ends at amavasya (the last day of the dark half of the month i.e. when the Sun and the Moon are together in a rashi exactly at the same degree). This mas relates to the Moon. The Hindi names of chandramas are:
- Chaitra 2. Baisakh 3. Jyeshtha 4. Ashadh 5. Sravana 6. Bhadrapada 7. Ashwin 8. Kartika 9. Margashirsha 10 Pausha 11. Magha 12. Fahalgun
There are 30 tithis in a month (including both krishna paksha and shukla paksha) but counted as 15 of shukla paksha and 15 of krishna paksha. The tithis are divided in five catageories as given below:
1, 6, 11 Nanda
2, 7, 12 Bhadra
3, 8, 13 Jaya
4, 9, 14 Rikta
5, 10, 30 Poorna
(i) Tithi Nanda (Lord Venus)
Is auspicious to use for new clothes, do works related to music and dance, farming, attend parties or celebrations, home-related works or household affairs, practice of sculpturing joy giving).
(ii) Bhadra (Lord Mercury)
Marriage, upanayana, travel, making of ornaments and their use, learning of arts and works related to elephants, horses and vehicles can be done.
(iii) Jaya (Lord Mars)
Training of the army, solidifying the army, making of weaponry, travel, giving big parties, starting construction of a new house, entering a new house, taking of medicines, and business dealings can be done.
(iv) Rikta (Lord Saturn)
Defeating enemies and taking them into captivity, poisoning, use of weapons, killing with sharp metallic weapons, burning etc. – all cruel works – can be done.
(v) Poorna (Lord Jupiter)
Marriage, yajyopaveeta (thread ceremony), coronation of the king, coming and going, and shanti paushtikakarya can be done